| "Parallel Universe" | |
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| Red Dwarf episode | |
The crew use the Holly Hop Drive to go back to Earth, but instead are transported to a parallel universe |
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| Episode no. | Series 2 Episode 6 |
| Directed by | Ed Bye |
| Written by | Rob Grant & Doug Naylor |
| Original air date | 11 October 1988 |
| Guest stars | |
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Hattie Hayridge |
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| Series 2 episodes | |
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| List of all Red Dwarf episodes | |
"Parallel Universe" is the sixth and last episode of science fiction sitcom Red Dwarf series two,[1] and the twelfth in the series run.[2] It premiered on the British television channel BBC2 on 11 October 1988. Written by Rob Grant and Doug Naylor, and directed by Ed Bye, the plot involves the Red Dwarf crew travelling to a parallel universe where they meet alternative versions of themselves. This marked the final appearance of Norman Lovett as Holly, although he would return years later at the end of Series VII and then for the whole of Series VIII. The episode was re-mastered, along with the rest of the first three series, in 1998.
Contents |
Holly (Norman Lovett) invents the Holly Hop Drive (a box with 'Start' and 'Stop' buttons on it), which is theoretically capable of taking Red Dwarf back to Earth immediately. However, instead of taking Red Dwarf instantaneously back to Earth as intended, it takes the ship into a parallel universe. Rimmer (Chris Barrie), Lister (Craig Charles) and Holly all have female counterparts here; Arlene Rimmer, Deb Lister and Hilly (Hattie Hayridge). The Cat (Danny John-Jules) is eager to meet his female counterpart but is dismayed that rather than being a woman version of him, instead his counterpart is a dog (named, appropriately enough, the Dog). Here, women are the masters and superior gender, and the men are fighting for equal rights. Nelly Armstrong was the first person on the moon and Wilma Shakespeare the greatest playwright in history.[3]
As Holly and Hilly need a day to repair and recharge the Hop Drive, the two crews decide to head to the disco for the night only for both Rimmer and Lister to be quickly turned off by their female counterparts. Rimmer fights off aggressive sexual advances from his parallel equivalent (despite the fact that he uses these same advances on women himself), the Cat shows the Dog how to dance properly,[3] while Lister thinks Deb is gross - at least when he belches "Yankee Doodle Dandy", it's stylish.
Despite this, Dave and Deb end up having sex and are discovered the next morning by the two disgusted Rimmers. Unfortunately, it soon turns out that in this universe its the men who get pregnant... and no precautions were used. Holly and Hilly confirm that as Dave is in this universe he is affected by its rules meaning he could indeed be 'in the club' much to his horror. With the Hop Drive repaired, Red Dwarf returns to its normal universe and Lister quickly takes a pregnancy test. While waiting for the results, Rimmer reminds Lister of the future echo which showed him with twins, causing Dave to become even more worried. Eventually, the test comes back... and it's positive.[4]
Lister's pregnancy is not mentioned in any subsequent episodes (except briefly in the Series V episode Demons and Angels), but a summary of events occurring in the time elapsed between series two and three is included in the opening sequence of the first episode of series three; Backwards. The summary states how Lister successfully gave birth to two baby boys who he named Jim and Bexley, but since they were conceived in a parallel universe with different physical laws, they suffered from an accelerated growth rate and both reach eighteen years of age within three days of being born. In order to save their lives, Lister returns them to the universe of their origin, where they are reunited with their "father" (a woman) and are able to live (relatively) normal lives.
For time reasons, "Parallel Universe" was shown without its opening credit sequence, and was originally shown with no episode titles at all,[5] although the introduction sequence would later be added in the remastered version.[6] Instead the viewer was led straight into the Cat's song dream scene, where the Cat performs the "Tongue Tied" song, with Rimmer and Lister in backing vocals. The "Tongue Tied" lyrics were written by Grant and Naylor and the music was produced by Howard Goodall.[7] The dance sequence which was choreographed by Queeg's Charles Augins also had to be trimmed down.[8] It proved very popular and later spawned a single release,[7] reaching #17 in the UK Singles Chart in 1993.
To keep costs down existing shots of the Red Dwarf ship were matted together to give the appearance of two of them. This enabled the crew to use the finances on other model shots.[9] The scenes would later be recreated for the remastered version using CGI.[6]
This was to be Norman Lovett's last appearance as Holly[10] until his brief return as the character in Series VII and full return in Series VIII some ten years later.[11] After the end of Series 2, Lovett decided to leave the show. Having recently married and settled in Edinburgh he felt the travelling from Edinburgh to production locations in London and Manchester would prove problematic, so Lovett decided not to come to rehearsals any more - there was a conflict with the producers, and Lovett was let go. Plus there was the promise of Lovett's own TV show, I, Lovett, taking off at the time.[10] Hattie Hayridge had appeared as Hilly, Holly's female counterpart, in this episode. Producer Paul Jackson had seen her on Saturday Night Live and suggested her as a replacement for Lovett.[12]
Angela Bruce played Deb Lister, Suzanne Bertish played Arlene Rimmer and Matthew Devitt played the Dog.[13]
Holly compared his Holly Hop Drive invention to the The Earl of Sandwich inventing the sandwich, Samuel Morse inventing the Morse Code and Plato inventing the plate. He also referenced Hitler, the Second World War and Ringo Starr when stating possible differences in a parallel universe. Dave and Deb Lister discuss the parallel differences. Neil Armstrong's parallel is Nellie, William Shakespeare's is Wilma, and that "The Male Eunuch" (as opposed to The Female Eunuch) was written by "Jeremy" Greer (compare with Germaine Greer). Lister says to Rimmer "are you a man or a munchkin?" to which Rimmer replies "I'm off to see the wizard, the wonderful Wizard of Oz!"[14]
Suzanne Bertish is a Royal Shakespeare Company actor, fitting to give a list of Wilma Shakespeares alternative plays in her first discussion with Rimmer.
The episode was originally broadcast on the British television channel BBC2 on the 4 October 1988 in the 9:00 pm evening slot,[15] and is generally remembered for the "Tongue Tied" song as mentioned by one reviewer "any episode that contained "Tongue Tied" would automatically get a great rating", but also went on to state the episode's other qualities - "The script's great, and none of the cast put a foot wrong in extracting the maximum from it."[16] The episode was considered the best from Series II according to a readers' poll in Red Dwarf magazine, with 5.6% rating.[17] Series II was met with great critical success, even if this wasn't viewed as such in the average viewing figures of around 3 million, so a third series was very likely.[18]
The song "Tongue Tied", which features in the Cat's opening dream sequence, was received so well that it was later released as a single. It was re-arranged and re-recorded by Danny John Jules (under the name 'The Cat') and released in October 1993. It reached number 17 in the UK charts.[19] A video to accompany the release which starred Danny John-Jules as some of his Red Dwarf alter-egos, including Duane Dibbley, was also produced. It was based around a storyline written by Danny John-Jules and featured music videos for some of the remixes, with guest appearances from the rest of the Red Dwarf cast, along with Clayton Mark ("Elvis" in "Meltdown") and Charles Augins (Queeg 500 in "Queeg").
The remastering of Series I to III was carried out during the late 1990s.[20] Changes throughout the series included replacement of the opening credits,[21] giving the picture a colour grade and filmising,[22] computer generated special effects of Red Dwarf[23] and many more visual and audio enhancements.[23] Changes made specific to "Parallel Universe" include video and sound effects of Red Dwarf jumping into the parallel universe has been added. The shots of the twin Red Dwarf ships side by side has been replaced with the new CGI versions. Video and sound effects of Red Dwarf jumping back into their own parallel universe added.[24]
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